| Diabetes
mellitus is caused by insulin deficiency. It leads to hyperglycemia excessive
excretion of glucose in the urine (glucosuria) Excessive urination (polyuria)
is caused by a lack of urine conc. and leads to thirst (polydipsia). As
carbohydrates are not available to the body, fats are metabolized. Thus
there is production and accumulation of ketone bodies.
Oral
manifestations :
* Increased incidence of gingivitis and periodontitis.
* Multiple periodontal abscesses resulting in loosening of teeth.
* Unsatisfactory result of periodontal treatment including periodontal
surgery.
* Lowered tissue resistance, delayed wound healing and post
extraction infection of the socket.
* Acetone break due to excretion of ketone bodies through
long.
* Presence of opportunistic infection such as oral candidiasis.
* Xerostomia or dryness of mouth.
* Sialosis or non-inflammatory non-neoplastic enlargement
of the salivary gland which usually manifested as bilateral
enlargement of parotid gland.
* Burning sensation of the oral mucosa due to neuropathy.
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